Camels are large, domesticated mammals known for their unique adaptations to hot, arid environments. They belong to the family Camelidae and are scientifically classified as Camelus. There are two main species of camels: the dromedary (with a single hump) and the Bactrian (with two humps). These animals are often referred to as the "ships of the desert" because of their ability to travel long distances across dry, harsh terrains like deserts.